The Hubble Space Telescope has captured this image of the spiral galaxy NGC 105, situated about 215 million light-years away in the constellation Pisces. NGC 105 appears to be on a collision course with a neighbouring galaxy, but this is merely an illusion created by their alignment in our line of sight. The elongated galaxy near NGC 105 is, in fact, much farther away and not well known to astronomers. Such deceptive conjunctions are common in astronomy. For example, the stars in constellations, while forming patterns from Earth's perspective, are actually at vastly different distances from us.
Also, in a study, astronomers analyzed distances to various galaxies, including NGC 105, to determine the rate at which the Universe is expanding, known as the Hubble constant. Their findings present a challenge to the predictions of the prevailing cosmological model. The discrepancy in the measurements suggests that there's a 1-in-a-million chance the mismatch is due to measurement errors. This inconsistency between galaxy measurements and cosmological predictions has puzzled astronomers for a long time. The new evidence strongly indicates that our current model of cosmology might have flaws or be incomplete.
Talking about Cepheid's Webb did a good study on them in near infrared. The diagram illustrates the difference in the Hubble and Webb observations, and how combining them produces a more confident result to measure the expansion rate of the universe.
Different measurement methods have yielded conflicting results, with one indicating an expansion rate of about 67 kilometres per second per megaparsec and another suggesting around 73 kilometres per second per megaparsec. The puzzle continues. We'll ponder more on this in the near future as new Webb science is released.